Navigating Health Plans After College

It’s graduation time. Do you know where your health insurance is? Depending on your health plan, it might be gone. For many American students still covered under a parent’s insurance, health coverage ends upon graduation; they will be left to navigate the increasingly expensive and complicated world of health insurance as they struggle to find jobs.
Luckily for some, since 1994, 30 states have passed laws extending the age at which young adults are allowed to be dropped from their parent’s plan. In Massachusetts, insurance companies must cover children for two years after they lose dependent status or until age 26, whichever comes first. In New Jersey, a dependent may stay on his parent’s plan until 31 as long as he is unmarried. Connecticut, New York and Maryland, among others, all have similar laws that extend coverage, while California and Washington, D.C. have no such laws. Obama’s health care plan would guarantee that children remain eligible for their parent’s plan until age 26.
Despite these laws, young adults aged 18 to 25 are the most likely age group to be uninsured. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2008, 28 percent of Americans aged 18 to 24 lacked health insurance. Given that only 11 percent of children under 18 lacked health coverage in 2004, this is a precipitous decline for those children who now fall into the 18 to 24 age group. The likelihood of being uninsured decreases with age over 25, and in total, 15 percent of Americans were uninsured in 2008.
The Independent talked to a number of seniors and recent graduates about their attitudes toward their health insurance decisions. On the whole, most seemed more interested in finding a job than in finding health coverage.

What You Should Know About Health Plans

In general, large monthly premiums mean small deductibles and small monthly premiums mean large deductibles.
A monthly premium is the amount of money you pay per month for your coverage. A deductible is the amount of money that you must pay out of your own pocket before the health insurance company will begin to pay for any health care costs. For example, if you have a the BlueChoice HSA plan from Blue Cross Blue Shield, your deductible is 00 per year. In a given year, you will have to pay 00 of your own money on medical expenses before Blue Cross will start to help you out. So, logically, if you are responsible for paying a large deductible, then you won’t be responsible for a high monthly fee, and vice-versa.

Your out-of-pocket expenses in one year will not exceed a set amount.
One of the most important aspects of health insurance is that even if you have a catastrophic year of medical problems, you will hopefully not go bankrupt. Let’s say you have been hospitalized and have already paid enough to cover your deductible. The BlueChoice plan says that once you have paid the deductible, hospitalization will only cost you 0 per day while Blue Cross pays the rest. However, you will not have to pay more than ,250.

Some plans require that you pay coinsurance once you have reached your deductible.
Health insurance companies can specify a percentage of health expenses that you must pay until you have reached your out-of-pocket maximum.

When you visit the doctor or get a prescription, you usually only have to pay a co-pay and the insurance company will pick up the rest.
A co-pay is the fixed amount of money that your health insurance company charges for doctors’ visits or prescription medication. Co-pays for visits to specialists cost more than those to a primary care doctor, and co-pays for generic drugs are lower than for brand-name ones. If you have the BlueChoice plan, preventative care, like annual check-ups to your primary care doctor or OB/GYN are totally free, but if you choose to see a doctor for any other reason, you must pay the full cost of the visit until you have paid your deductible. After that, you only pay your co-pay.

You can save money, tax-free, for health care.
Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), created in 2003, operate just like savings accounts for health care expenses. If you have a plan with a large deductible, it will most likely offer you an HSA. You can deposit money into the account, before taxes, and it will accrue tax-free interest. You can withdraw the money to pay for a long and comprehensive list of “qualified” health care expenses. If you withdraw the money for any unqualified expenses you are subject to a ten percent fee.

The type of plan you have will determine your doctor “network.” Visits to doctors outside of your network may not be covered by your plan.
A Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) plan has the most restrictive rules but it is usually are the cheapest option. You are required to have a primary care physician who will see you for most of your appointments and refer you to specialists if need be. Your plan will only cover visits with doctors who have specifically made an agreement with your HMO-your network. Another choice is a Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) plan, which does not require that you have a primary care doctor and offers a much larger network of approved doctors. You can also choose to see a doctor outside of the network, but this will cost you more.